Key Limiting Factor |
Impairment |
Habitat Affected |
Threat Type |
Threat Name |
Life Stage (s) |
Description |
Food |
Competition |
-- |
Artificial Propogation |
Intraspecific Interaction |
Summer parr |
Hatchery releases lead to competition with naturally produced juveniles. |
Habitat Quantity and Quality |
Access and Availability; Morphological Changes |
Estuary |
Agricultural Practices; Urbanization |
Diking; Filling; Riparian Degradation; Wetland Loss |
Smolts |
Historical complex habitats have been modified through channelization, diking, development and other practices. |
Habitat Quantity and Quality |
Morphological Changes |
Freshwater-Floodplain |
Forest Management; Urbanization |
Impervious Surfaces (Road Density); Riparian Degradation; |
Juveniles |
Forest practices and high road densities have resulted in diminished floodplain connectivity and function. |
Habitat Quantity and Quality |
Small-Scale Structural Complexity; Morphological Changes |
Freshwater-Riparian |
Forest Management |
Riparian Degradation |
Juveniles |
Riparian vegetation is lacking throughout the subbasin due to forest practices of the 1960’s through 1980’s. |
Habitat Quantity and Quality |
Small-Scale Structural Complexity; Morphological Changes |
Freshwater-Instream |
Agricultural Practices; Forest Management; Urbanization |
Riparian Degradation; Wood/Structure Removal |
Juveniles |
Low levels of large woody debris contribute to the lack of habitat diversity throughout the subbasin. |
Instantaneous Mortality |
Pathogens |
-- |
Artificial Propogation |
Disease Amplification and Transfer |
Eggs, summer parr |
Pathogens from hatcheries may limit productivity. |
Instantaneous Mortality |
Predation |
-- |
Fishery Management |
Species Introduction |
Summer parr |
Non-native species introductions have lead to community shifts and predation issues. |
Sediment Conditions |
Increased Sediment Quantity |
Freshwater-Instream |
Forest Management; Urbanization |
Impervious Surfaces (Road Density); Riparian Degradation; Sediment: Upland Disturbance |
All |
Excessive sedimentation related to past forest practices and high road density is a problem throughout the subbasin. |
Water Quality |
Temperature |
-- |
Agricultural Practices; Forest Management; Urbanization |
Water: Temperature and Gas Alteration |
All |
The lower 10 miles of the Kalama River and Fallert Creek are on the Washington state 303(d) list for exceeding temperature standards. Temperature is especially a problem at the mouth, where sediments have created a wide, shallow channel. |
Water Quantity |
Altered Flow Timing |
-- |
Forest Management; Urbanization |
Impervious Surfaces (Road Density); Water: Runoff Coefficient Variation |
Juveniles |
Past forest practices and high road densities have altered flow patterns throughout the subbasin. |